Command Reference for the PK-232 (firmware to 10/89) - (PK-232.HLP v1.3)
═COMMAND═════ARG══════DEFAULT═══════════DESCRIPTION═══
*
* This file was created for use with the paKet (c)1989 program only.
*
* The first two lines must remain in this file as is. They are used
* by the program for the headings on the display window.
* The first describes the type of TNC this file is set up for and
* is displayed on the bottom of the TNC help window.
* The second is the headings for the TNC help window and this line
* should line up with the "header" data in this file.
*
* Each help item starts with its "header" which is identified by
* the "@" in the first column. This is then followed by a variable
* number of lines of detailed help for that item.
*
* Any line in this file beginning with an "*" is treated as a comment
* and is ignored by the paKet program.
*
*UPPERCASE CHARACTERS are minimum that will be correctly parsed by the
PK-232.
*
* 1.3 contains upgrades for PK-232 firmware to 10/89
****************************************************************************
@3Rdparty     ON|OFF    OFF     Allow Mailbox messages for 3rd parties
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      ON  - The mailbox will handle 3rd party traffic
      OFF - This feature is disabled.

Unless this feature is ON, callers may leave messages only to you, as
specified in MYCALL.
****************************************************************************
@8Bitconv     ON|OFF    OFF     Pass or strip high bit in CONV mode.
Modes:      PACKET

Parameters:
      ON  - High order bit is not stripped in Converse Mode.
      OFF - High order bit is stripped in Converse Mode.

This enables transmission of 8 bit data while in Converse mode.

If you want to transmit 8 bit data, but don't want all the features of
transparent mode, you should set 8BITCONV ON and AWLEN 8.
****************************************************************************
@AAb          'text'    (none)  ANSWERBACK text in response to WRU?
Modes:      BAUDOT, ASCII, AMTOR

Parameters:
      The "text" of up to 24 characters and will be sent if the PK-232
      receives a WRU? command.

You must set WRU ON to activate your answerback, unless in AMTOR mode.

For Packet operation see the CTEXT and BTEXT commands.
****************************************************************************
@ABaud 'n'     45-9600  110     Specify ASCII radio baud rate
Modes:      ASCII

Parameters:
      Available baud rates are: 45, 50, 57, 75, 100, 110, 150,
      200, 300, 400, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, and 9600.

Example: ABAUD 1200

Refer to the manual if you want to use more than 1200 baud.

Note this sets the radio transmission baud rate for ASCII mode, and does
not refer to the computer or terminal baud rate. Refer to TBaud for
setting the baud rate between the PK-232 and the computer.
****************************************************************************
@AChg         Immediate Cmd     Force AMTOR into transmit mode
Modes:      AMTOR

Parameters:
      None

It is used by the receiving station to force a change from receive to
transmit mode in order to interrupt transmissions from the sending station.

This command should not be used unless really necessary - the usual
procedure is to wait for the AMTOR handshaking to perform the changeover.

If the other station breaks in on YOUR transmissions, your PK-232 buffer
might still have data to transmit. This data would most likely no longer
be required, so you could use TClear to clear your transmit buffer.
****************************************************************************
@ACKprior   ON|OFF      OFF     Priority Acknowledgement feature
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      ON  - Priority Acknowledgement feature is enabled
      OFF - This feature is disabled.

This feature, first described by Eric N7CL, is intended to improve
performance on VHF simplex channels by giving priority to data ACKs while
holding data and poll bits long enough to prevent collisions with the ACK.
The following are recommended settings for Priority Acknowledgement in a
P-persistence system for either VHF or HF packet:
     ACKPRIOR        VHF:     ON            HF:         ON
     PPERSIST                 ON                        ON
     PERSIST                  63                        63
     SLOTTIME                 30                        12
     RESPTIME                  0                         0
     MAXFRAME                  1-7 depending on          1
                                   channel quality
     FRACK                     3                         8
****************************************************************************
@ACRDisp 'n'  0-255     80      Set the screen or printer width.
Modes:      All

Parameters:
      'n' - Specifies the screen or printer width and may be 0 to 255.

If 'n' is 0, the function is disabled. Some computers or terminals perform
their own formatting, so you should set ACRDISP to 0 in this case.

The PK-232 sends <CR><LF> at the end of each line in Converse and in
Command modes after 'n' characters have been sent.

When in Morse Mode, received data will be word wrapped by the PK-232 in a
similar manner to paKet's Transmit Word Wrap mode. It will word wrap at
the first space up to 12 columns less than the ACRDISP value.

While using paKet, you can set ACRDISP 0 unless you want the Morse word
wrap.
****************************************************************************
@ACRPack      ON|OFF    ON      The <SENDPAC> char is included in packets
Modes:      PACKET

Parameters:
      ON  - The <SENDPAC> character is included at the end of all
            packets sent in Converse Mode.
      OFF - The <SENDPAC> character is not added to the end of a
            packet.

The SENDPAC command defines the <SENDPAC> character and is usually a
Carriage Return <CR>.

For normal usage set ACRPACK ON and SENDPAC $0D.

If the other station reports overprinting, set ALFPACK ON or ask the other
station to set ALFDISP ON.
****************************************************************************
@ACRRtty 'n'  0-255     69|71   Automatically insert <CR> in output
Modes:      BAUDOT, ASCII-RTTY, AMTOR

Parameters:
      'n' -  0 to 255 specifies the number of transmitted characters,
             after which a <CR> will be automatically generated.

The <CR> is generated at the first space character after the 'nth' column.

paKet performs this function anyway (in all modes) by generating a <CR> at
the first space character after column 70, but this command will allow
you to override that to some other column number.

The default for BAUDOT and for ASCII-RTTY is column 71; the default for
AMTOR is column 69.
****************************************************************************
@ADelay 'n'   1-9       4       AMTOR key up delay
Modes:      AMTOR

Parameters:
      'n' -  1 to 9 specifies the transmitter key-up delay in 10 ms
             intervals.

This is the delay between the time the PK-232 activates the PTT line and
the time the data begins to flow.

Example:
      ADELAY 5    gives a delay of 50ms before data begins to flow.

Increasing the delay effectively reduces the maximum distance available
for propagation. See the Operating Manual for details.
****************************************************************************
@AFilter     ON|OFF     OFF     ASCII filter for all Modes
Modes:      ALL

Parameters:
      ON  - The ASCII characters specified in MFILTER are never sent
            by the PK-232 to paKet.
      OFF - The characters in MFILTER are only filtered from
            Monitored packets.

This feature is designed for some terminals which perform some
special functions such as "clear screen" for various ASCII characters
and which you may not want sent by the PK-232.

paKet, however, is well behaved and does not need AFILTER ON. For
binary file transfers it is important to leave AFILTER OFF otherwise
some data may be "filtered" out causing invalid results.

For paKet, leave AFILTER OFF.
****************************************************************************
@ALFDisp      ON|OFF    ON      Send <LF> to terminal after each <CR>
Modes:      PACKET

Parameters:
      ON  - A linefeed is sent to the terminal after each carriage
            return. Any line feed characters received are ignored.
      OFF - A linefeed is not sent after each carriage return.

Note, if ALFDISP is ON, a <LF> will be added only if needed. That is, if a
<LF> was received immediately before or after a <CR>, the PK-232 will not
add another one.

This command only affects what is displayed, not the data sent in any
mode. If needed, add <LF> characters to outgoing packets with the command
ALFPACK.

The easiest way to see which setting you should use, is to set ALFDISP ON
if the PK-232's sign on message lines are overtyped. Otherwise, set
ALFDISP OFF.
****************************************************************************
@ALFPack      ON|OFF    OFF     Add <LF> to outgoing packets
Modes:      PACKET

Parameters:
      ON  - A <LF> is added to outgoing packets in Converse mode
            following each <CR> in the packet.
      OFF - A <LF> is not added to outgoing packets.

If the other station's packets are overprinting, you could set ALFPACK ON.
****************************************************************************
@ALFRtty      ON|OFF    ON      Add <LF> after <CR> in RTTY mode
Modes:      BAUDOT, ASCII-RTTY

Parameters:
      ON  - A <LF> is sent after each output <CR> character
      OFF - A <LF> is not sent after each <CR>

Note, this command has no effect in AMTOR where the <LF> is always added
automatically.
****************************************************************************
@AList        Immediate Cmd     Switch into AMTOR's ARQ Listen mode
Modes:      AMTOR

Parameters:
      No parameters - this is an Immediate Command.

This mode is used to monitor a contact between two linked stations by
using the ARQ Listen mode (Mode L).

If you lose synchronisation because of noise or interference, type AL
repeatedly.
****************************************************************************
@AMtor        Immediate Cmd     Switch into AMTOR Mode
Modes:      Command

Parameters:
      None

This command switches the PK-232 into AMTOR's ARQ Standby condition.

Once in AMTOR mode, your station is then available for automatic access by
and response to any other AMTOR station that sends your SELCAL.

paKet will automatically display any inbound FEC (Mode B) transmissions on
the active channel.

Refer to the MYSELCAL command too, as you must have set MYSELCAL before
using the AMTOR command.
****************************************************************************
@ARq aaaa     Immediate Cmd     Start an ARQ SELCAL
Modes:      AMTOR

Parameters:
      'aaaa' is the other station's SELCAL.

This is the correct technique to respond to another station's FEC (Mode B)
CQ call. That station's callsign is usually sent with its CQ message.

If the other station correctly decodes your SELCAL, the two AMTOR stations
synchronise and begin the Mode A (ARQ) handshaking process.

See SELCAL for further details.
****************************************************************************
@ARQTmo 'n'   0-250     60      Time to send ARQ before shutdown
Modes:      AMTOR

Parameters:
      'n' - 0 to 250 specifies the number of seconds to send an ARQ SELCAL
            before automatic transmitter shutdown.

If the other station cannot respond within the default 90 seconds, it is
most likely propagation will not allow the contact anyway.
****************************************************************************
@AScii        Immediate Cmd     Switch into ASCII RTTY mode
Modes:      Command

Parameters:
      None.

This is the correct mode to use if you wish to use RTTY to transmit data
containing characters that do not appear in the Baudot character set, such
as lower case and other special characters.

It is possible this mode will suffer more errors under difficult
conditions than the BAUDOT mode at the same data rate.
****************************************************************************
@AUDelay 'n'  0-120     0       Specify the delay from PTT to AFSK tones
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      'n' - Specifies the delay in 10 ms intervals between the PTT going
            active and the start of the transmit AFSK tones.

On HF when a power amp is used, arcing of relay contacts may occur if the
drive to the amp is applied before the contacts have closed. Also on VHF
or UHF FM, some transceivers may produce spurious emissions if audio is
applied at the same time as PTT.

AUDELAY must always be less than TXDELAY. The recommended setting is at
least 10 lower than the TXDELAY setting.
****************************************************************************
@AWlen 'n'    7|8       7       Number of data bits per word.
Modes:      All

Parameters:
      'n' - 7 or 8 specifies the number of data bits per word.

This value defines the word length used by the serial I/O port.

AWLEN 8 and PARITY 0 is the required setting for paKet.

To send and receive, retaining all 8 data bits, you should use Transparent
mode (which uses all 8 data bits) or set AWLEN 8. This is for the
transmission of executable or special binary files.

paKet provides several Binary File transfer protocols which automatically
switche into Transparent mode for the file transfer, so if you use the
Binary Send or Receive options, you would not normally need to concern
yourself with this command.
****************************************************************************
@Ax25l2v2     ON|OFF    ON      Select level 1 or 2 of AX25 protocol.
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      ON  - Select level 2 version 2.0 of AX25 protocol.
      OFF - Select level 2 version 1.0 of AX25 protocol.

Version 1.0 was only implemented to allow correct digipeating from early
TNC1's of version 2.0 AX25 packets.

You would normally set AX25L2V2 ON, which is the default setting.
****************************************************************************
@AXDelay 'n'  0-180     0       Extra keyup delay (n*0.1 sec).
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      'n' - 0 to 180 specifies the voice repeater keyup delay in 10ms
            increments.

This value specifies the time the PK-232 is to wait, in addition to the
normal TXDELAY, after keying the transmitter before data is sent.

This command acts in conjunction with the AXHANG command.

Some other TNCs implement this command in 100ms increments.
****************************************************************************
@AXHang 'n'   0-20      0       Voice Repeater hang time
Modes:     Packet

Parameters:
      'n' - 0 to 20 specifies the voice repeater hang time in 100ms
            increments.


This allows for more efficient channel usage if the repeater has a longer
hang or tail than 100ms.

If the packet controller has heard a packet sent within the hang period,
it will not add the extra delay of AXDELAY to the keyup time.
****************************************************************************
@BAudot       Immediate Cmd     Switch into BAUDOT RTTY mode
Modes:      Command

Parameters:
      None.

Set the following commands for normal RTTY operation:
    RBAUD 45    (or whatever speed you wish to operate on)
    RXREV OFF
    TXREV OFF
    WIDESH OFF

The radio is usually operated in LSB mode for RTTY.
****************************************************************************
@BBSmsgs    ON|OFF      OFF     Use TAPR style status messages
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      ON  - Makes PK-232 status messages look like the TAPR-style
            output.
      OFF - "Normal" PK-232 style status messages.

With BBS ON, the following "normal" PK-232 messages are suppressed:
     No "(parm) now (value)"
     Connect messages: No "; v2; 1 unACKed"
     No "xxx in progress: (dest) via (digis)"
     No space after comma in digipeater lists
     "VIA" in upper case
     If MRPT ON, digi paths are displayed in TAPR format.
With BBS ON the following status messages are deleted or changed:
     No "*** connect request:" and no "*** retry count exceeded"
     No "(parm) was (value)" and no "(callsign) busy" message.
     Sends <CR> before all other "***"
Some users prefer BBS ON to avoid "Connect request" during Binary transfers.
****************************************************************************
@Beacon E/A   0-250     E0      Send beacon EVERY/AFTER (n*10 sec).
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      Every n - Sends beacon text every "n*10" seconds.
      After n - Sends beacon text once after "n*10" seconds has passed
                without packet activity.
           'n'- 0 to 250. If n=0, Beacons are disabled.

A Beacon contains the text you have entered into the BTEXT command, and is
sent to the address you have in the UNPROTO command (usually "CQ")

The AFTER command can be used to send messages or announcements only when
packet stations are on the air and active.

The PK-232 will send you warning messages if you set the Beacon Every
value to anything less than 90.

Example:
       BEACON E 180     will send the BTEXT message every half hour
****************************************************************************
@BKondel      ON|OFF    ON      Define how <BACKSPACE> is handled
Modes:      All

Parameters:
      ON  - <BACKSPACE><SPACE><BACKSPACE> is echoed when a character
            is deleted.
      OFF - <BACKSLASH>("\") is echoed when a character is deleted.

This command would usually be set ON when running paKet

It works in both command and converse modes.

****************************************************************************
@Btext        text      blank   Text  sent as a beacon (0-120 char).
Modes:      All

Parameters:
      text - Any normal text message of up to 120 characters and spaces.

BTEXT defines the text sent by the BEACON.

Multiple line messages can be sent by including the <PASS> character and
<CR> character in the text at the end of each line. More than 120
characters causes an error message and the command will be ignored.

Use a "%", "&", "N", "NO", "NONE", or "OFF" as the first characters in the
text to clear the BTEXT text.

See also the BEACON and PASS commands.
****************************************************************************
@CALibrate    Immediate Cmd     Calibrate the PK-232's modem.
Modes:      Command

Parameters:
      No parameters used on the command line, however when in
      Calibrate mode the following commands are available:
        <SPACE> Switch transmit audio to the other tone.
           K    Toggle PTT line on/off.
           D    Alternately pulse both tones.
           H    Toggle tones between wide shift and narrow shift.
           Q    Quit calibration mode.

This command can be activated at any time without altering the current
link state, although during Calibration, the TNC will not communicate with
the "outside world".

The PK-232 will display the AFSK tone frequencies on the screen and will
identify the potentiometer associated with each tone.
****************************************************************************
@CANline 'n'  0-$7F     $18(^X) Sets character for Cancel-line command.
Modes:      All

Parameters:
      n = 0 to 127 specifies the ASCII character used to cancel an input
          line.

It can be entered in Hex or Decimal values such as CANLINE $18 or CANLINE
24.

You can only cancel the line you are currently typing as once a <CR> has
been entered you cannot cancel the line. To cancel more than a line use
CANPAC.
****************************************************************************
@CANPac 'n'   0-$7F     $19(^Y) Sets character for Cancel-packet cmd.
Modes:      All

Parameters:
      n = 0 to 127 specifies the ASCII character used to cancel a packet.

This is the ASCII character code of the key you want to press to cancel a
packet while typing it in edit mode. It cannot be canceled after the <CR>
has been sent or after PACTIME has elapsed if this is enabled.

If used in the Command mode it stops all response from the PK-232. Typed
again restores responses from the PK-232.

If you are in Converse or Transparent mode, you must exit to Command mode,
then type the CANPAC character.
****************************************************************************
@CASedisp 'n' 0-2       0       Specify case of received data
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      0 - "As is". That is characters are not changed.
      1 - "Lower". Characters are displayed in lower case only.
      2 - "Upper". Characters are displayed in upper case only.

This function is provided in case (ahem!) the user's terminal program
requires it.

paKet handles both upper and lower case so you should set CASDISP 0.
****************************************************************************
@CBell        ON|OFF    OFF     Enable/Disable connect bell.
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      ON  - Three <BELL> characters are sent to paKet with the
            "*** CONNECTED or DISCONNECTED" message.
      OFF - No bell character is included with connect message.

This is mainly used to attract attention to a connect from another station
if you are not in the immediate vicinity.

If CBELL is ON and MFILTER contains the bell character ($07), the computer
will beep only when there is a connection for you. At no other time will
the PK-232 send a beep while in packet mode.

Versions of the PK-232 firmware prior to 23-FEB-88 send only a single
<BELL> character on Connect and no <BELL> on Disconnect.
****************************************************************************
@CCitt        ON|OFF    ON      Use International alphabet for RTTY
Modes:      BAUDOT-RTTY

Parameters:
      ON  - Transmitted characters are translated into the CCITT
            International Telegraph Alphabet #2 before being sent.
      OFF - Transmitted characters remain in American standard
            Baudot format.

Refer to this command in the PK-232 manual for a full list of the
character sets.
****************************************************************************
@CFrom        'text'    ALL     Specify response to CONNECT requests
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      ALL        - Accept all connect requests.
      NONE       - Reject all connect requests.
      YES 'list' - Accept connect requests from stations in the list.
      NO 'list'  - Reject connect requests from stations in the list.

Example:
      CF YES VK2DHU,WA2ABC      Allow connects from only these two
                                stations
      CF NO VK2DHU              Allow connects from all but VK2DHU
      CF ALL                    Allow connects from everyone.

The PK-232 will send a DM packet if a call is rejected (the calling
station will get a "busy" message), and paKet will display:
      "*** Connect request: VK2XYZ"
****************************************************************************
@CHCall       ON|OFF    OFF     Display callsign in multiple connects
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      ON  - Call sign of the other station is displayed in multiple
            connection operation.
      OFF - Call sign of the other station is not displayed.

This function displays the call sign of the other station after the
channel identifier.

This is similar to the use of MRPT to show digipeat paths when monitoring
the channel.

For paKet, please leave this option OFF.   paKet has a separate window for
each stream and the window will display the call sign of the connected
station. Setting the option on will interfere with this processing.

Note, some releases of the PK-232 firmware have a bug where an
additional ":" is sent even where CHCALL is OFF. This bug will cause
that character to appear in your Communications Window whenever the
TNC detects a change of stream. It is not a big problem in practice,
so long as you know what is causing it!
****************************************************************************
@CHDouble     ON|OFF    OFF     Display CHSWITCH character twice
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      ON  - Received <CHSWITCH> characters appear twice (doubled).
      OFF - Received <CHSWITCH> characters appear once (not doubled).

It is RECOMMENDED you set this option ON and configure paKet
accordingly.

You might want to set CHDOUBLE ON to tell the difference between CHSWITCH
characters received from other stations and those generated by the PK-232.

It is important to note that paKet needs to know how this option is set in
your TNC. There is an option in the Configuration Window for the Multi
User options, to tell paKet how to process the <CHSWITCH> character. If
you set CHDOUBLE ON in the TNC, you must also set the option on in
paKet. This is especially important for binary file transfers.
****************************************************************************
@CHeck 'n'    0-250     30      Connection timeout value (n*10 sec).
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
     n - 0 to 250 specifies the check time in 10 second intervals.
         0 disables this feature.

After the elapsed time with no packets your TNC will take action to
avoid remaining in the "connected" state indefinitely.

If AX25L2V2 is ON, it will initiate a check to see if the link is
still good. If no acknowledgment is received after all retries a
disconnect sequence will be initiated.

If AX25L2V2 is OFF a disconnect sequence will be initiated without
checking for link still good.
****************************************************************************
@CHSwitch 'n' 0-255     0       The character used to change channels
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      'n' - 0 to 255 specifies the ASCII character used to change to
            another connection channel.

You must be in Command mode to change channels.

It is suggested you use the "|" ($7C) character as the CHSWITCH character
as this is the default character used on many other TNCs.

If you change this parameter, you must also change that character in
paKet's Multi User Configuration window.

CHSWITCH is equivalent to STREAMSW on some other systems.
****************************************************************************
@CMdtime 'n'  0-250     10      Set Transparent mode timeout.
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      'n' - 0 to 250 specifies the timeout value in 100ms intervals
            while in Transparent mode.

Care - if 'n' is 0, exit from Transparent mode requires the BREAK signal
or interruption of power to the PK-232.

To exit Transparent mode, wait for 'n*100' milliseconds, then enter three
COMMAND characters (default <Ctrl-C>) less than 'n*100' milliseconds apart.

So, for the default of CM 10, wait for one second then type three
<Ctrl-C>s within one second to exit Transparent Mode.

While running paKet, please leave CMDTIME at its default setting.
****************************************************************************
@CMSg         ON|OFF    OFF     Enable/Disable connect message.
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      ON  - A text message is sent as first packet after connect is made.
      OFF - The text message is not sent.

The text of the message is contained in CTEXT and is sent after a
connection is made to you by another station.

This function might be useful if you leave your system running but are
unavailable to answer the connect request manually.

It is recommended you leave CMSG ON and change the contents of CTEXT
to reflect the state of your system. This is easily accomplished by
specifying an appropriate CTEXT message in both the Begin and End
Auto commands. (via the Configuration Window options).
****************************************************************************
@CODE 'n'     0-5       0       Specify code for Baudot, AMTOR, Morse
Modes:      Baudot, AMTOR, Morse

Parameters:
      0 - International.
      1 - US teleprinter. This affects Baudot only. If set, Morse and
          AMTOR will operate as CODE 0.
      2 - Cyrillic.
      3 - Transliterated Cyrillic.
      4 - Katakana
      5 - Transliterated Katakana

Not all the codes can be transmitted. Valid combinations are:
             Code         Baudot      AMTOR      Morse
              0           RX/TX       RX/TX      RX/TX
              1           RX/TX         -          -
              2            RX          RX         RX
              3            RX          RX         RX
              4             -           -        RX/TX
              5             -           -         RX
****************************************************************************
@COMmand 'n'  0-$7F     $03<^C> Set the COMMAND mode entry character.
Modes:      All

Parameters:
      'n' - 0 to 127 specifies the ASCII character used to enter Command
            mode.

The COMMAND mode entry character is the character you type to enter
Command mode from Converse mode.

The character can be entered in either Hexadecimal or Decimal form.
Eg: $7F or 127.

For paKet please leave this set to the default of 3, which is equivalent
to <Ctrl-C>. When using Binary File transfers, paKet needs to enter
Transparent mode and it may send <Ctrl-C>s to return to Command mode on
completion of the file transfer.
****************************************************************************
@CONMode      CONV|TR   CONV    Sets mode on connect.
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      CONVERS - The PK-232 automatically enters Converse mode on
                connect.
      TRANS   - The PK-232 automatically enters Transparent mode on
                connect.

The connection may be the result of a radio connection request from
another station or your own "Connect" command.

If the PK-232 is already in Converse or Transparent mode when the
connection is made it will not change.

The NEWMODE command specifies the mode selected by the PK-232 on
disconnect.
****************************************************************************
@Connect 'cs' Immediate Cmd     Connect to another station via opt rptrs
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      'cs' - may be a single call sign or multiple call signs via
             digipeaters.

Example:
      C VK7ABC               Attempt a direct connection to VK7ABC
      C VK7ABC VIA VK7RPT    Attempt a connection to VK7ABC via a
                             digipeater (VK7RPT).
      C VK7ABC V VK7RPT,VK3XX-1,VK3ZZZ
                             Attempt a connection to VK7ABC via 3
                             digipeaters.

Type the digipeaters in the sequence you wish to use to route your packets.
An error message is returned and the command is aborted if:
   - no response after RETRY attempts, or
   - the other TNC is already connected, or
   - the other TNC is attempting a connect, or a disconnect.
****************************************************************************
@CONOk        ON|OFF    ON      Allow connections to your TNC.
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      ON  - Connect requests from other stations will be accepted if
            CFROM is set to ALL.
      OFF - Connect request from other station will be rejected if
            CFROM is set to ALL or NONE.

The rejected connect request will result in the other station having the
"*** (yourcall) station busy" message displayed on his screen.

On the PK-232, the command CFROM is more versatile and should be used
instead of CONOK. However this command is included in the PK-232 to
maintain upward compatibility with the TAPR TNCs.
****************************************************************************
@CONPerm      ON|OFF    OFF     Temporary or permanent connection.
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      ON  - The current connect on the current channel will not
            disconnect.
      OFF - Normal operation of connects and disconnects.

This command only takes effect after connect is established. It functions
on a channel by channel basis when multiple connections are allowed. The
connection will be reestablished if RETRY is exceeded.

The CONPERM condition remains even after RESTART or power on/off.
****************************************************************************
@CONStamp     ON|OFF    OFF     Date/time stamp Connect message.
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      ON  - Connect status messages are time stamped.
      OFF - Connect status messages are not time stamped.

The DAYTIME command is used to set the date and time. (paKet will
automatically set this parameter in the PK-232 when the program is
started, using the computer's date and time).

Example:
      If CONSTAMP is ON the connect message might appear as follows:
           cmd:C VK2DHU
           cmd:20:29:31 *** CONNECTED to VK2DHU
****************************************************************************
@CONVers      Immediate Cmd     Enter CONVERSE mode
Modes:      All

Parameters:
      None

This is an immediate command to enter the converse mode from command mode.

Single key operation of this command is "K".

Link connections in Packet or AMTOR are not affected and a return to the
command mode can be made by typing in the Command Mode Entry character.

In Packet and AMTOR modes, once the PK-232 is in Converse mode, all
characters sent to the PK-232 by paKet are transmitted by the radio.
****************************************************************************
@CPactime     ON|OFF    OFF     CONVERS mode timed packet dispatch.
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      ON  - Packet timeout is used in Converse mode.
      OFF - Packet timeout is not used. In this case the <SENDPAC>
            character (usually a <CR> sends the packet.

If CPACTIME is ON, any characters which have been input will be packetised
and sent after PACTIME has elapsed since the last frame was transmitted .
This allows automatic periodic sending of packets in converse mode,
similar to full break-in CW.

It is recommended, however, that paKet's Type Ahead window be used
instead of CPACTIME to allow communication without the delays while
long packets are being typed.

You should set ACRPACK OFF in this mode - when ACRPACK is ON the
send-packet character is inserted in the data even though it was not
typed.
****************************************************************************
@CRADD        ON|OFF    ON      Append <CR> to transmit data.
Modes:      BAUDOT-RTTY

Parameters:
      ON  - Send <CR><CR><LF> in Baudot-RTTY.
      OFF - Send <CR><LF> in Baudot-RTTY.

See also ACRDISP and ACRRTTY.
****************************************************************************
@CStatus 'S'  Immediate Cmd     Display status of all channels.
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      'S' - This parameter is optional. If used a Short Status is
            displayed, showing only those channels which are connected or
            which are the current input or output channel.

This is an immediate command to show the link status of all ten channels
and whether or not CONPERM is active on any channel.

It will also show which channel is currently in use.
****************************************************************************
@CText        text      blank   Automatic answer message
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      text - Any combination of characters and spaces (up to a
             maximum of 120 characters).

If CMSG is ON, the CTEXT message is sent as soon as another station
connects to your station.

Multiple line messages may be sent if the PASS (Ctrl/V) and <CR> is used
at end of line.

To clear the CTEXT buffer without issuing a RESET command, use '%', '&',
'N', 'NO', 'NONE, or 'OFF' as the first character.
****************************************************************************
@CUstom       'nnnn'    $0A15   Allow special customising of the PK-232
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      'nnnn' - Specifies options for the PK-232 with one bit for each
               option as follows:

Bit  Hex  Def  Description of default setting (and alternative)
 0  $0001  1   Discard a packet if DCD not lit (or ignore Threshold setting)
 1  $0002  0   Setting MONITOR ON results in MONITOR 4 (or MONITOR 6)
 2  $0004  1   An RS-232 break puts PK-232 into Cmd mode (or has no effect)
 3  $0008  0   Channels are numbered 0-9 (or A-J).
 4  $0010  1   Insert <FIGS> before sending figures in RTTY (or not)
 5  $0020  0   Power up in Command mode (or stay in last mode)
 6  $0040  0   Monitoring is disabled (or enabled) in Transparent mode.
 7  $0080  0   Print Morse ..-- as ^ (or as <CR>).
 8  $0100  0   Normal Morse filters (or FSK two tone operation).
 9  $0200  1   Send AAB in AMTOR if <FIGS>-D recd. (Ignore <FIGS>-D).
10  $0400  0   Normal Host polling, (special for AMTOR, FAX, TDM, NAVTEX)
11  $0800  1   Display (or not) Connected msg when ARQ link is established
****************************************************************************
@CWid 'n'     0-255     $06(^F) Character to send CW ident
Modes:      BAUDOT/ASCII-RTTY/AMTOR

Parameters:
      'n' - 0to 255 specifies the ASCII character to be used to send a
            'CW Ident'.
           You may also specify ON or OFF instead of a value.

This is the value of the control character you wish to use as the 'send CW
ident' code which is typed at the end of your transmitted text.

When the PK-232 reads this character in your text, it switches to Morse
mode and sends your call sign, at MSPEED speed.

Example:
      CW $1B       This sets the CWID character to Esc
****************************************************************************
@DAytime      'date/time'       Set or display PK-232's date and time
Modes:      ALL

Parameters:
      'date/time' - This should be the current date and time in the
                    format: "YYMMDDHHMMSS".

You may enter separators such as <SPACE>, '/', ':', or ';' between each
two character group and they must have a leading zero if the value is from
0-9. The hours digits must be in the 24hr format and the year is the last
two digits.

paKet will generate this command for you automatically when the program
starts.

When the date and time are entered correctly, the PK-232 will echo the new
setting and if no 'date/time' is entered, the current setting is displayed.

The PK-232's clock is used by CONSTAMP, MSTAMP, MHEARD commands.
****************************************************************************
@DAYStamp     ON|OFF    OFF     Activate date stamping
Modes:      All

Parameters:
      ON  - The date is included in CONSTAMP and MSTAMP
      OFF - Only the time is included in CONSTAMP and MSTAMP

This command would normally be used only for Packet operations.

It could be useful to set DAYSTAMP ON if you are using your paKet log
file. You might find the log more meaningful when reviewing it later if it
includes the date as well as the time.
****************************************************************************
@DCdconn      ON|OFF    OFF     Control DCD line from PK-232
Modes:      PACKET/AMTOR

Parameters:
      ON  - RS-232 cable pin 8 (DCD) follows state of CON LED
      OFF - RS-232 cable pin 8 (DCD) is permanently high

It is suggested you set DCDCONN ON, although paKet will run quite happily
either way.

paKet displays the relevant RS-232 line signals (including DCD) in the
Status Window if you have selected Hardware Handshaking. So with
DCDCONN ON, the DCD "light" on your screen will reflect the PK-232's
current connect status. That is, the DCD "light" will come on when
you are connected to another station.

This command would apply only to those using the Hardware Handshaking
mode. (This is discussed in the "Configuration" section of the PAKET.DOC
file).
****************************************************************************
@DELete       ON|OFF    OFF     Delete character <BACKSPACE> or <DEL>
Modes:      All

Parameters:
      ON  - The delete character for editing input is <DEL> ($7F).
      OFF - The delete character is <BACKSPACE> ($08).

paKet works better with DELETE OFF.

You cannot delete past the beginning of a line.

How the TNC indicates deletion is controlled by BKONDEL.

To see a corrected display of a line after you have deleted characters,
type the REDISPLA character (default Ctrl-R).
****************************************************************************
@DFrom        'text'    ALL     Allow stations to digipeat
Modes:      Packet

Parameters
      ALL        - Allow all stations to use your station as a
                   digipeater.
      NONE       - Prevent all stations from using your station as a
                   digipeater.
      YES 'list' - Allow specified stations to use your station as a
                   digipeater.
      NO 'list'  - Prevent specified stations from using your station
                   as a digipeater.

Example:
      DF YES VK2DHU,WA2ABC      Allow only these two stations to
                                digipeat through your station
      DF NO VK2DHU              Prevent VK2DHU digipeating through
                                your station.
      DF ALL                    Allow anyone to digipeat through your
                                station.
****************************************************************************
@DIDdle       ON|OFF    OFF     Send <LTRS> while idling in RTTY
Modes:      Baudot, ASCII

Parameters:
      ON  - In Baudot, the PK-232 will send <LTRS> when idling.
            In ASCII, the PK-232 will send <NULL> when idling.
      OFF - No characters are sent while idling.

It may be desirable to continue sending some sort of data while paused at
the keyboard. It makes it much easier for persons receiving to tune
and remain tuned to your transmitted signal.
****************************************************************************
@DIGipeat     ON|OFF    ON      Enable/disable digipeating through you.
Modes:      All

Parameters:
      ON  - The PK-232 will digipeat other packets if DFROM is ALL
      OFF - The PK-232 will not digipeat other packets if DFROM is
            set to ALL or NONE.

This command is included only for compatibility with TAPR TNCs.

The DFROM command is more versatile.

Digipeating takes place concurrently with other TNC operations and doesn't
interfere with normal connections you may be having with other stations.

HID enables automatic identification of your station if acting as a
digipeater while unattended.
****************************************************************************
@Disconne     Immediate Cmd     Disconnect from other station
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      None

This is an immediate command to initiate a disconnect command to the other
station.

The PK-232 will display  *** DISCONNECTED (call sign) if the disconnect is
successful.

Disconnect messages do not appear if the PK-232 is in transparent mode.

A new connect from another station is not allowed until the disconnect
process is completed.
****************************************************************************
@DISPlay      'class'           Display PK-232 settings
Modes:      Command

Parameters:
      none      - Display brief help:("DISPLAY A,C,F,I,L,M,R,T,Z")
      Async     - Display asynchronous port parameters.
      Character - Display special characters.
      Fax       - Display Facsimile parameters.
      Id        - Display ID parameters.
      Link      - Display link parameters.
      Monitor   - Display monitor parameters.
      Rtty      - Display Baudot, ASCII, AMTOR and Morse parameters.
      Timing    - Display timing parameters.
      Z         - Display the entire command/parameter list.

Example:
      DISP A          This displays the asynchronous port parameters.

The first letter of any of the sub-command parameters is all that is
required.
****************************************************************************
@DWait 'n'    0-250     16      Delay for digipeaters (n*10 msec).
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      n = 0 - 250 specifying default wait time in 10 ms intervals.

The PK-232 will wait the default time after last hearing a data packet on
the frequency before beginning the keyup sequence. This is used to avoid
collisions with digipeated packets because these aren't retried by the
digipeating station, but must be reinserted in the system by the
originating station.

Recommended settings for different types of operation:
            Digipeaters          0   (  0 ms)
            Local keyboards     16   (160 ms) - the default
            BBS, Hosts, etc     32   (320 ms)
            File Transfers      48   (480 ms)

There are two parameters in the PAKET.CFG file specifying the DWAIT
settings you want to use for binary File Transfers (48 recommended) and
for normal operation when the File Transfer is completed (16 recommended).
****************************************************************************
@EAS          ON|OFF    OFF     Echo as sent
Modes:      Baudot, ASCII, AMTOR, MORSE

Parameters:
      ON  - Display characters as actually sent on the air by the
            PK-232
      OFF - Display characters as sent to the PK-232 by paKet.

EAS is used for all modes except Packet. It is useful in RTTY and Morse
modes as these modes do not use lower case. So with EAS ON, the PK-232
would echo the data as sent, ie. in upper case, regardless of whether you
typed in upper or lower case.

With EAS ON in AMTOR mode A (ARQ), the PK-232 will echo your typing only
after the other station has acknowledged them, so What You See Is What He
Got! Nulls are not echoed.

EAS should be OFF for this release of paKet, as all keystrokes are
displayed by paKet and are not echoed by the PK-232. See the ECHO command
for further comments.
****************************************************************************
@Echo         ON|OFF    ON      Echo typed characters to screen.
Modes:      All

Parameters:
      ON  - Characters received from paKet are echoed by the PK-232.
      OFF - Characters are not echoed.

When using paKet you should set ECHO OFF.

paKet will display the characters you type in a different colour or
intensity to help you distinguish your transmissions from the data
received.

If you see two copies of everything you type, you should set ECHO OFF.

Local echoing is disabled in transparent mode.
****************************************************************************
@EScape       ON|OFF    OFF     Display character for <ESCAPE>
Modes:      All

Parameters:
      ON  - The ESC ($1B) character is output as "$" ($24).
      OFF - The ESC character is output as unchanged.

The translation is disabled in transparent mode.

See also MFILTER for general character stripping rather than translation.
****************************************************************************
@FEc          Immediate Cmd     Start AMTOR FEC (Mode B) transmission
Modes:      AMTOR Mode B

Parameters:
      None

Use FEC:
      - for CQ calls because other stations cannot identify you in an
        ARQ CQ call!
      - if the desired range is longer than 22,000 miles (35000 Km).
      - for all round table contacts.

You can terminate your FEC transmission by typing:
      - R (Rcve) command;
      - AM (AMtor) command; or
      - embed the RECEIVE command (default <Ctrl-D>) in your
        transmitted data.
****************************************************************************
@Flow         ON|OFF    ON      Stop output from PK-232 while typing.
Modes:      All

Parameters:
      ON  - Type-in flow control is active.
      OFF - Type-in flow control is disabled.

With FLOW ON the PK-232 will hold any received data, if you have started
sending, until you have completed the line you are sending.

Type-in flow control is designed to avoid confusing displays where the
PK-232 can send any received data to the display while you are typing
something.

This is not a problem if you are using paKet's Type Ahead facility as your
typed data appears in a separate window until it is sent to the PK-232.

paKet manages its own flow control so it is recommended you set FLOW OFF.
****************************************************************************
@FRack 'n'    1-15      3       Time in secs to wait for ACK.
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      n = 1 to 15 specifying the time the PK-232 will wait for an ACK
          before retrying that frame.

If the path includes digipeaters the time is adjusted to allow for the
extra delays. An extra random time is added to avoid collisions.
****************************************************************************
@FUlldup      ON|OFF    OFF     Select simplex or duplex mode.
Modes:      All

Parameters:
      ON  - Full Duplex mode is enabled
      OFF - Full Duplex mode is disabled

When FULLDUP is OFF the PK-232 uses the DCD signal from the modem to avoid
collisions and acknowledges multiple packets with a single transmission.

When ON the PK-232 acknowledges each packet individually.

It should not be used unless a full duplex (split frequency or crossband)
link is implemented.
****************************************************************************
@HBaud 'n'    (baud)    1200    Set the Radio baud rate
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      baud - specifies the 'on-air' baud rate, and may be 45, 50, 57, 75,
             100, 110, 150, 200, 300, 400, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800 or 9600
             baud.

Example:
      HB 110       Specifies a radio baud rate of 110 bps

The other station must be using the same speed.

Note this need not be the same rate as the terminal baud rate used between
the PK-232 and the computer running paKet.
****************************************************************************
@HEAderln     ON|OFF    OFF     Header and text on separate/same line.
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      ON  - The header is displayed on a separate line.
      OFF - The header and text appear on the same line.

This is for monitored packets.

When HEADERLN is ON all monitored packets have the callsigns etc. on one
line and the text is printed on the next line.

paKet does not care which way this is set but if you prefer to have MSTAMP
and/or MRPT on, the header part of the monitored text can be quite long.
In this case it is suggested you set HEADERLN ON to make the data easier
to read.
****************************************************************************
@Help         Immediate Cmd     Show abbreviated help
Modes:      Command

Parameters:
      None

This command displays a list of some commands.

However the Online paKet help you are currently viewing in considered much
more useful than the very brief "help" available from the PK-232.
****************************************************************************
@HEReis 'n'   $01-$7F   $02(^B) Specify ASCII character to send AAB text.
Modes:      Baudot, ASCII and AMTOR

Parameters:
      'n' - 1 to 127 specifies the ASCII character to be used to send the
            AAB string in the middle of transmitted text.

The default is <Ctrl-B>.
****************************************************************************
@HId          ON|OFF    OFF     Enable/disable ID every 9.5 mins.
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      ON  - Enables HDLC identification by a digipeating PK-232.
      OFF - Disables PK-232 identification.

The ident is yourcall with 'digipeater' added and is output every 9.5 min.
and addressed to 'ID'.

The 9.5 minute timing cannot be changed.
****************************************************************************
@HOST         ON|OFF    OFF     Operate PK-232 in Host mode
Modes:      All

Parameters:
      ON  - Host Mode is active
      OFF - Host Mode is not active - the PK-232 operates normally

This mode is used only with a special program written for the PK-232 Host
Mode. In this mode the PK-232 will not send any data to the computer until
requested.

The current version of paKet does not use Host Mode.

To cancel Host Mode:
   send 3 <Ctrl-C> characters; or
   type <Ctrl-A> O H O N <Ctrl-W>
Turning on the PK-232 or doing a RESTART while in HOST Mode causes the TNC
to issue a RESTART response ($01 $4F R T $00 $17).

The PK-232 Technical Manual provides further information on Host Mode.
****************************************************************************
@Id           Immediate Cmd     Force an ID packet.
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      None

An identification packet is sent only if the PK-232 has transmitted
since the last automatic identification.

HID and/or MID must be ON for this packet to be sent.
****************************************************************************
@ILfpack      ON|OFF    ON      Control handling of <LF>
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      ON  - The PK-232 ignores all <LF> characters sent by paKet.
      OFF - The PK-232 sends any <LF> sent by paKet.

This option would normally be left ON, but you might find it useful to
turn it off if you are sending some computer source code or other
documents where the <LF> characters are required.
****************************************************************************
@K            Immediate Cmd     Enter CONVERSE mode
Modes:      All

Parameters:
      None

This is an immediate command to enter the converse mode from command
mode.

Typing "K" is the same as typing the "CONVERSE" command.

Link connections in Packet or AMTOR are not affected and a return to
the command mode can be made by typing in the Command Mode Entry
character.

In Packet and AMTOR modes, once the PK-232 is in Converse mode, all
characters sent to the PK-232 by paKet are transmitted by the radio.
****************************************************************************
@KIss         ON|OFF    OFF     Operate the PK-232 in KISS mode
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      ON  - Operate the PK-232 in KISS mode.
      OFF - Operate the PK-232 in AX25 mode.

KISS mode provides a simple protocol for use  with a host computer system.
It bypasses most of the controls in the PK-232 and allows the host
computer to control the HDLC frames. It is up to the host computer to take
care of the protocol details such as AX25 or whatever protocol is desired.

The most popular KISS Mode application is TCP/IP but this is not currently
supported by paKet.

KISS Mode requires the following parameters: AWLEN 8, PARITY 0, TRACE OFF,
HID OFF, BEACON EVERY 0, PACKET, CONMODE TRANS, PPERSIST ON, RAWHDLC ON,
HPOLL OFF. Then KISS ON and lastly HOST ON. PK-232 firmware from 30-DEC-88
assumes these parameters when going to KISS Mode but will restore them
to their original values on exit from KISS mode.

HOST OFF (3 <Ctrl-C>s) will force KISS OFF.
****************************************************************************
@Lock         Immediate Cmd     Lock Morse speed and Letters shift
Modes:      Morse, RTTY, AMTOR, FAX

Parameters:
      None

For RTTY and AMTOR:
      This command locks LETTERS shift.

For Morse:
      This command locks the PK-232's receiving speed to that of the
      Morse signals currently being received.

      This may improve reception in noisy conditions as the PK-232 will
      not be continually adjusting its receiving speed when noise is
      present. However the LOCK command should be used only while the
      PK-232 is receiving the other station clearly.

      Type the MORSE command to release the speed LOCK.
****************************************************************************
@MAIldrop     ON|OFF    OFF     Activate the PK-232's Mailbox
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      ON  - The PK-232 operates as a personal packet BBS
      OFF - The PK-232 operates as a normal TNC

This mailbox facility provides a subset of popular packet BBS commands for
personal messages. Other stations may connect and leave messages for you
(and for others if 3RDPARTY ON).It will accept inbound mail forwarding
from W0RLI/WA7MBL auto-forwarding BBSs but will not forward mail outbound.

There are 8K bytes of RAM available for mail which may be all in one
message or up to 15 messages.The STA LED will blink if a message has
been left for you.

With MAILDROP ON you may still make outbound connect requests, but
incoming connects will get the mailbox prompt.
Refer to the MDCHECK command for details of mailbox commands. Refer also
to MDMON and MDPROMPT commands.
****************************************************************************
@MARsdisp     ON|OFF    OFF     Display LTRS and FIGS
Modes:      RTTY, AMTOR

Parameters:
      ON  - A LTRS character received will be displayed as <CTRL-O>;
            a FIGS character received will be displayed as <CTRL-N>.
      OFF - Normal operation.

You might like to set ACRDISP OFF and ALFDISP OFF to prevent unwanted <CR>
and <LF> characters.

Also set ACRTTY to 0 and ALFRTTY OFF if you retransmit this data.
****************************************************************************
@MAXframe 'n' 1-7       4       Number of outstanding frames allowed.
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      'n' - 1 to 7. This specifies the maximum number of packets that may
            be outstanding (unacknowledged) at any one time.

MAXFRAME also specifies the maximum number of contiguous packets which can
be sent during a transmission.

If throughput is low because of heavy traffic or poor propagation, reduce
MAXFRAME to 2 or 3.

If you are using HF, reduce MAXFRAME to 1.

A relationship between this and PACLEN can improve the efficiency of file
transfers, allowing long bursts on a good link.
****************************************************************************
@MBEll        ON|OFF    OFF     Alert when certain stations are monitored
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      ON  - Sound 3 bells when specified stations are monitored.
      OFF - o sound from monitored packets.

The callsigns that you want to be alerted to are specified in MFROM or
MTO. Then, when MBELL is ON and any of the specified stations are
monitored, the bells will ring.

Example:
      these commands will cause the bells to ring when VK2DHU transmits on
      the channel:
                  MFROM YES VK2DHU
                  MTO NONE
                  MBELL ON
****************************************************************************
@MBx          'call'    (none)  Filter monitored headers/repeated frames
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      call - This is the callsigns of one or two stations to be monitored.
      'n'  - 0-15 indicates an optional SSID.
      ALL  - Filter headers from all monitored packets.
      NONE - (default) Normal monitor display showing packet headers.

This command filters the monitored packets from the specified stations and
displays only the data portion of the messages.

This feature could be useful for monitoring another station's transfer of
an ASCII file or messages from a BBS. The data you see will be formatted
as if you were connected to the BBS yourself. Note however, that your
PK-232 is not handshaking with the other station, so if your station
misses a packet for any reason, it will not be resent for you.

MBX may be cleared with '%', '&', 'N', 'NO', 'NONE', or 'OFF' for 'call'.

MCON will only work if MBX is set to NONE.
****************************************************************************
@MCon 'n'     0 to 6    0       Monitor other frames while connected.
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      'n' - specifies various levels of monitoring. These values are the
            same as for the MONITOR command.

This is like the MONITOR feature, only MCON determines what is monitored
while you are connected to another station.

Even number round table conferences can be had using this command.

Note: MBX must be set to NONE for MCON to work.
****************************************************************************
@MDCheck      Immediate Cmd     Check your PK-232 Mailbox
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      none.

With this command you can logon to your own mailbox just as a calling
station would, provided MAILDROP is ON and no other station is connected.

You will see the normal mailbox prompt:
    [AEA PK-232M] 8151 (B,K,L,R,S) >    (8151 is available RAM)

which gives the following options:
      B   BYE   Log off the mailbox
      K   KILL  Kill or delete messages
      L   LIST  List the message directory
      R   READ  Read a specific message
      S   SEND  Send a message

Note: only the first letter is significant so SP, ST and SB are the
same as S.

You will get a 'What?' error message if MAILDROP is OFF.
****************************************************************************
@MDMon        ON|OFF    ON      Monitor calling station's Mailbox activity
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      ON  - Monitor the other station's activity on your Mailbox
      OFF - Normal monitoring.

If MDMON ON the PK-232 will send to paKet both sides of the mailbox
QSO. Packet headers are not shown while the other station is connected to
your mailbox.
****************************************************************************
@MDPrompt     (text)            Mailbox prompt for user's Send command.
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      text - Up to 80 bytes of text.

This text is the command line sent to a calling station by the mailbox in
response to a send command.

The default string is:
    "Enter message, ^Z (CTRL-Z) to end"
****************************************************************************
@MDigi        ON|OFF    OFF     Monitor packets using you for digipeat
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      ON  - Display frames containing your call sign in the digipeater
            field.
      OFF - Normal monitoring.

This command allows you to see who is using your station as a digipeater.

If you have set your normal monitoring commands for selective monitoring
you may not see all the activity on the channel. With MDIGI, you can
include those packets which are being digipeated by your PK-232.
****************************************************************************
@MFIlter 'n'  0-$80     $80     Ignore chars from monitored packets.
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      'n' - 0 to 128, specifies an ASCII code to be ignored from monitored
            packets. Up to four codes may be specified.

Example:
      MFILTER 7    The PK-232 will ignore the <BELL> character in
                   monitored packets. (ASCII code 7 is the <BELL>
                   character).

The default code of 128 ($80) filters all control characters except <CR>
and <LF> (and except <TAB> character from 23-FEB-88). It also filters all
characters over 127 ($7F).

To clear the list use MFILTER 00.
****************************************************************************
@MFrom        'text'    ALL     Select stations for monitoring
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      ALL        - Monitor ALL stations.
      NONE       - Monitoring is disabled.
      YES 'list' - Monitor ONLY the stations in the list.
      NO 'list'  - Monitor all stations EXCEPT those in the list.

Examples:
      MFROM YES VK2DHU      Monitor only packets from VK2DHU
      MF NO VK2DHU, VK7XYZ  Do not display packets from VK2DHU or from
                            VK7XYZ

See also the MTO command.
****************************************************************************
@MHeard       Immediate Cmd     Display calls heard with date/time.
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      None

An immediate command to display the list of calls heard since last time
the buffer was cleared.

You can either enter this command at the cmd: prompt or you can
select Alt-H in paKet to generate the command for you.

Stations heard directly are marked with an asterisk (*).

The maximum number of stations monitored in the list is 18 so that only
the last 18 are displayed.

The entries are time stamped and if DAYSTAMP is ON the date is shown too.
****************************************************************************
@MId 'n'      0-250     0       Issue periodic Morse ID
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      'n' - 1 to 250 specifies the morse timing in units of 10 second
            intervals. 0 disables this function.

If active in Packet mode, this function causes the PK-232 to issue a Morse
ID periodically provided a packet has been sent since the last Morse ID.

Example:
      MID 177   Causes automatic generation of Morse ID every 1770
                seconds or every 29.5 minutes.
****************************************************************************
@Monitor 'n'  0-6       4       Monitor activity on the channel
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
       0 - Disable monitoring function.
       1 - Monitor UI frames including beacons and other unconnected
           transmissions.
       2 - Monitor I frames which come from connected conversations.
       3 - Monitor C (connect) and D (disconnect) frames with headers.
       4 - Monitor UA and DM frames, the acknowledgements of connect and
           disconnect frames.
       5 - Monitor RR, RNR, RJ, FRMR, and I frames.
       6 - Monitor the Poll/Final bit and sequence numbers.

Each level of monitoring includes the monitoring of all levels with a
lower value.

Example:
       MONITOR 4      Monitors UI, I, C, D, UA and DM frames.

See also MFROM, MTO and MCON.
****************************************************************************
@MOrse        Immediate Cmd     Switch the PK-232 to Morse Code mode
Modes:      Command

Parameters:
      None

This mode allows you to send and receive Morse Code.

The PK-232 will automatically track the speed of the other station's morse
code, although noisy conditions can confuse the PK-232's logic. In these
conditions, use the LOCK command to fix the receiving speed.

The MSPEED command defines the PK-232's sending speed.

Set WIDESHIFT OFF and set your transciever to LSB (or to CW mode if you
are using direct keying). For LSB, don't forget to use the RIT control as
necessary because you are transmitting a 1200 Hz tone and receiving an
800 Hz tone.

See also the XMIT, RCVE, and WORDOUT commands.
****************************************************************************
@MProto       ON|OFF    OFF     Allow monitoring of NET/ROM frames
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      ON  - Monitor all frames including NET/ROM frames.
      OFF - Normal monitoring.
****************************************************************************
@MRpt         ON|OFF    ON      Display digipeater path.
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      ON  - Shows connected station identifiers and digipeating path.
      OFF - Shows only originator and destination calls.

The MRPT command determines whether monitored packets are displayed with
the digipeat path in the header.

Stations heard directly are shown with an asterisk (*).
****************************************************************************
@MSPeed 'n'   5-99      20      Specify Morse Code transmit speed
Modes:      Morse

Parameters:
      'n' - 5 to 99, specifies the PK-232's Morse Code transmit speed in
            Words per Minute.

For speeds between 5 and 14 WPM, each character is actually sent at 15 WPM
but the spaces between characters are lengthened to adjust the overall
speed to that specified.
****************************************************************************
@MStamp       ON|OFF    OFF     Select time stamping of monitored frames
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      ON  - Time stamp on monitored frames.
      OFF - No time stamp on monitored frames.

If DAYSTAMP is ON the date will also be included with the time stamp.

You might like to set HEADERLN ON if you are using time stamping because
of the additional characters in the header.
****************************************************************************
@MTo          'text'    NONE     Select stations for monitoring
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      ALL        - Monitor packets addressed to ALL stations.
      NONE       - Do not monitor packets to ANY station.
      YES 'list' - Monitor ONLY packets addressed to the stations in the
                   list.
      NO 'list'  - Monitor all packets EXCEPT those addressed to the
                   stations in the list.

Examples:
      MTO YES VK2DHU          Monitor only packets addressed to VK2DHU
      MT  NO VK2DHU, VK7XYZ   Do not display packets addressed to VK2DHU
                              or to VK7XYZ

This works together with the MFROM command. So if MFROM is set to ALL,
every packet will be acceptable for monitoring even if MTO is NONE.
****************************************************************************
@MWeight 'n'  5-15      10      Change Morse dot-space ratio.
Modes:      Morse, (All except Packet for CW ID)

Parameters:
      'n' - 5 to 15 specifies roughly 10 times the ratio of one dot length
            to one inter-element space length.

The default of 10 results in 1:1 dot-space ratio; 5 results in 0.5:1 ratio
and 15 results in a 1.5:1 ratio.

Changing MWEIGHT may be desirable to counteract the switching delays of
SOME transmitters when operating at high speeds.
****************************************************************************
@MYAlias      call      blank   Alternate station identifier.
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      call - This is an alternate call sign for use as a digipeater only.

You must still specify your call sign in the MYCALL command.

Specify an alternate callsign or sub-station ID. Use of this command
permits normal HID with MYCALL, but an alternate call for digipeating.
****************************************************************************
@MYALTcal     'aaaa'    (empty) Alternate SELCAL for AMTOR
Modes:      AMTOR

Parameters:
      'aaaa' - This is your alternate SELCAL.

This may be any four alphabetical characters or it may be any four or five
numeric characters.

MYALTCAL is normally used for special applications such as group
broadcasts in AMTOR Mode B Selective.
****************************************************************************
@MYcall       call      PK-232  Your station callsign.
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      'call' - Your call sign. You may also use a substation ID (SSID) if
               you wish.

Example:
      MYCALL VK2DHU       This tells the PK232 your call sign.

All transmitted packets will include this callsign, and any connect
requests to this callsign can now be accepted.

The PK-232 will not operate in Packet mode until you have changed this
parameter to your own call sign.
****************************************************************************
@MYIdent      'aaaa'    (empty) New 7 character SELCAL for AMTOR
Modes:      AMTOR

Parameters:
      'aaaa' - Specifies the user's 7 character SELCAL.

PK-232 firmware from 15-OCT-89 supports 7 character selcals in AMTOR as
specified in CCIR Rec. 625 although it is still compatible with equipment
using 4 character AMTOR selcals.

Refer to PK-232 Operating Manual appendix S for details on the derivation
of the MYIDENT selcal.
****************************************************************************
@MYSelcal     'aaaa'    (empty) Specify your SELCAL for AMTOR
Modes:      AMTOR

Parameters:
      'aaaa' - This is your SELCAL (selective calling code).

Refer to the PK-232 Operating manual for a discussion on the derivation of
a SELCAL.
****************************************************************************
@NAVMsg       'text'    All     Specify which NAVTEX messages to monitor
Modes:      NAVTEX

Parameters:
      all        - Display all NAVTEX messages
      none       - Display no NAVTEX messages except A B and D which are
                   not optional and are always displayed.
      yes 'list' - Display up to 13 classifications of NAVTEX messages.
      no  'list' - Reject up to 13 classifications of NAVTEX messages.

The classifications currently defined are:

    A. Navigational Warnings              G. DECCA Systen Info.
    B. Meteorological Warnings            H. LORAN-C System Info.
    C. Ice Reports                        I. Omega Systems Messages
    D. Search and Rescue Info.            J. SATNAV System Messages
    E. Weather Forecasts                  K-Z   Reserved
    F. Pilot Service Messages

Example:
      NAVMSG NO IJ      Do not display SATNAV nor Omega NAVTEX messages
****************************************************************************
@NAVStn       'text'    ALL     Specify which NAVTEX stations to monitor.
Modes:      NAVTEX

Parameters:
      all        - Display messages from all NAVTEX stations
      none       - Do not display NAVTEX messages
      yes 'list' - Display NAVTEX messages from up to 13 stations.
      no  'list' - Reject NAVTEX messages from up to 13 stations.

NAVTEX stations are identified by the first letter in the Preamble.

This command allows you to specify which stations the PK-232 will monitor.

Example:
      NAVSTN YES EGC      Monitor only messages from stations C, E and G.
****************************************************************************
@NAvtex       Immediate Cmd     Switch the PK-232 into NAVTEX Mode
Modes:      Command

Parameters:
      none

NAVTEX is a special form of Mode B (FEC) SITOR that does not output data
to paKet until "ZCZC" and a Preamble are received intact. The Preamble
consists of 2 letters and 2 numerals. The end-of-message is "NNNN".

The first 2 letters of the Preamble define the transmitting station and
the message class; the following 2 numbers form a serial number for the
message.

Currently NAVTEX stations are found on 518 KHz.
****************************************************************************
@NEwmode      ON|OFF    ON      Sets mode on disconnect
Modes:      All

Parameters:
     ON  - Switch to data transfer mode with CONNECT command;
           Return to Command mode on disconnect.
     OFF - Switch to data transfer mode at time of connection;
           Do not return to Command mode on disconnection.

If ON the PK-232 will switch to whatever CONMODE is set when the
connection is started without waiting for the connection to be
established. If the connection is terminated, or if the request fails, the
TNC will revert to Command mode.

If OFF, the PK-232 will remain in Command Mode until the connection is
established. Then it will switch to the mode specified in CONMODE. The
PK-232 remains in that mode when the connection is terminated.

This feature is provided mainly for BBS or host systems.
****************************************************************************
@NOmode       ON|OFF    OFF     Allow/disallow explicit mode change only.
Modes:      All

Parameters:
      ON  - The NEWMODE function is ignored. The only way to change modes
            is to type K (or CONV), TRANS, or <Ctrl-C>.
      OFF - The PK-232 will switch in accordance with the setting of
            NEWMODE.
****************************************************************************
@NUcr         ON|OFF    OFF     Select send <NULL>s ($00) after a <CR>.
Modes:      All

Parameters:
      ON  - Send <NULL>s ($00) after a <CR>.
      OFF - Do not send <NULL>s.

This command specifies whether or not to send <NULL>s after a <CR> is sent
to the computer.

The number of <NULL>s sent is determined by the NULLS command.

Slower terminals or TTY machines sometimes need a short delay after a <CR>
in order to give it time to get the carriage back to the left hand column.
If you were losing some characters at the beginning of a line, you could
use this feature.

This is not a problem with paKet and you should set NUCR OFF.
****************************************************************************
@NULf         ON|OFF    OFF     Select send <NULL>s ($00) after a <LF>.
Modes:      All

Parameters:
      ON  - Send <NULL>s ($00) after a <LF>.
      OFF - Do not send <NULL>s.

This command specifies whether or not to send <NULL>s after a <LF> is sent
to the computer.

The number of <NULL>s sent is determined by the NULLS command.

Slower terminals or TTY machines sometimes need a short delay after a <LF>
in order to give it time to roll the carriage into position for the next
line. If you were losing some characters at the beginning of a line, you
could use this feature.

This is not a problem with paKet and you should set NULF OFF.
****************************************************************************
@NULLs 'n'    0-30      0       Number of nulls to send.
Modes:      All

Parameters:
      'n' - 0 to 30 specifies the number of <NULL>s to send after a <CR>
            or <LF>.

Refer to the NUCR and NULF commands for a discussion on the use of
<NULL>s.

paKet does not require <NULL>s so you can leave this parameter set to 0.
****************************************************************************
@Nums         Immediate Cmd     Force the PK-232 into FIGS case
Modes:      Baudot, AMTOR

Parameters:
      none.

In Baudot and AMTOR receive, this command will force the PK-232 into the
FIGS case.
****************************************************************************
@Opmode       Immediate Cmd     Display PK-232's current operating mode
Modes:      Command

Parameters:
      None

This command displays the current operating mode of the PK-232.

Example:
      cmd:OPMODE                   This is entered in Command Mode.
      cmd:OPMODE AMTOR STBY RCVE   This is a sample response.
****************************************************************************
@PAcket       Immediate Cmd     Switch the PK-232 to PACKET mode
Modes:      Command

Parameters:
      None

The PK-232 is automatically set into the PACKET mode when it starts, but
if you switch to some other mode, this command switches the PK-232 back
into PACKET mode.
****************************************************************************
@PACLen 'n'   0-255     128     Maximum number of Bytes in a data frame.
Modes
     Packet

Parameters:
     'n' - 0 to 255 specifies the maximum size of the data portion of a
           packet.
      0  - this is equivalent to a maximum packet size of 256.

In normal CONVERSE mode, a packet will be sent when you press <CR>.

If you have set Single Line Mode in the Type Ahead window (via the F4
key) paKet will generate a <CR> at the end of each full line and
cause the PK-232 to send a packet at the end of that line.

However a packet is automatically sent by the PK-232 when PACLEN
characters have been received from the paKet program, so the maximum
size of any packet is determined by PACLEN. If you wish, you could
set PACLEN to (say) 20, and the PK-232 would transmit a packet after
20 characters are received from the program.  This might be
appropriate for an HF link in poor conditions because there would be
greater chance of getting the full packet through without error if it
is a smaller packet. For good links, a larger packet size is better.

For Binary File transfers, paKet will adjust PACLEN automatically.
****************************************************************************
@PACTime E|A  0-250     A10     Transparent Mode packet timeout
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      'n'   - 0 to 250 specifies 100ms intervals
      Every - Packets are sent EVERY n * 100 ms.
      After - Packets are sent AFTER n * 100 ms from last entry at keyboard.

Example:
      PACT A 25       Send a packet 2.5 seconds after the last character
                      was received from paKet.
      PACT E 50       Send a packet every 5 seconds even if data is still
                      being received from paKet.

This parameter is always used in Transparent mode and is used in Converse
mode if CPACTIME is ON. If 'n' is 0, the next packet is sent without any
wait time, but in no case will a zero length packet be sent. The timer
only starts when the first character is received.
****************************************************************************
@PARity 'n'   0-3       3       Parity 0=none,1=odd,2=none,3=even.
Modes:      All

Parameters:
      'n' - 0 to 3 specifies if and how the parity bit is set on data
            flowing between the PK-232 and the computer.

In normal CONVERSE mode, any parity bit is stripped.

In Transparent mode all 8 bits are sent including parity, if any, set.

If PARITY 0 and AWLEN 7 then the 8th bit is set to 0.

For paKet please set AWLEN 8 and PARITY 0.
****************************************************************************
@PASs 'n'     0-$7F     $16 ^V  Char to allow any character to be sent.
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      'n' - 0 to 127 specifies an ASCII code to be used as the PASS
            character.

This is the ASCII character code which if inserted in a transmission will
allow the next following character to be transmitted as is when normally
it would be interpreted as a command to the TNC. This will allow, for
example, <CR>s to be embedded in the text as well as other TNC control
characters, including the <PASS> character itself.

Example:
      CTEXT I am here somewhere^V<CR>
            Give me a minute or two.<CR>

      If you didn't use the PASS (^V) the <CR> would have been
      interpreted by the TNC as the end of the CTEXT message. With
      the PASS character, the TNC simply added the <CR> into the
      CTEXT message.
****************************************************************************
@PASSAll      ON|OFF    OFF     Accept only valid CRC frames or all.
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      ON  - The TNC will accept packets with invalid CRC's.
      OFF - The TNC will only accept packets with valid CRC's.

This would allow some monitoring of data even on a noisy channel, although
paKet would then display all the invalid "garbage" received by the PK-232.

Normally you would have PASSALL OFF to ensure an error free display.

MHEARD is disabled while PASSALL is ON.
****************************************************************************
@PErsist 'n'  0-255     63      Implement CSMA for KISS and AX.25
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      'n' - 0 to 255 specifies the threshold for the random number
            generator. 0 gives a low chance of transmitting every
            SLOTTIME, while a higher value increases the chance of a
            packet being sent. 255 means transmit without delay.

This feature is useful only if other stations are also using PERSIST and
SLOTTIME and it is designed to reduce the number of "collisions" on the
air.

This CSMA method may be selected with the PPERSIST command.

Refer to the PK-232 Operating Manual for a full discussion on PERSIST and
SLOTTIME.
****************************************************************************
@PPersist     ON|OFF    ON      Choose CSMA method (PERSIST or DWAIT )
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      ON  - The PK-232 uses PERSIST and SLOTTIME for CSMA.
      OFF - The PK-232 uses DWAIT for TAPR-style CSMA operation.

This parameter would normally be OFF unless you have other stations in
your area using the PERSIST/SLOTTIME method.

Refer to the PK-232 Operating Manual for a full discussion on PERSIST and
SLOTTIME.
****************************************************************************
@PRType 'n'   0-255     2       Specify Printer type for FAX
Modes:      FAX

Parameters:
      'n' - Specifies the type of dot matrix printer used for printing FAX
            charts.

Refer to the PK-232 Operating Manual for details on the various printer
types supported.
****************************************************************************
@RBaud 'n'    (baud)    45      Select the radio baud rate for RTTY
Modes:      BAUDOT RTTY

Parameters:
      'n'  - specifies the radio or 'on-air' baud rate for Baudot
             operation. Valid baud rates are: 45, 50, 57, 75, 100, 110,
             150, 200 and 300.
      Up   - If you type RB U, the PK-232 selects the next highest speed.
      Down - If you type RB D, the PK-232 selects the next lowest speed.

Example:
      RB 110         Select 110 baud for RTTY. The other station must also
                     be using this speed.
****************************************************************************
@Rcve         Immediate Cmd     Switch the PK-232 into Receive mode
Modes:      Command

Parameters:
      None

This command switches your PK-232 into Receive mode when operating Baudot
and ASCII RTTY, or Morse Code.

To use it, return to Command mode and then type R or RCVE.
****************************************************************************
@RECeive 'n'  0-127     $04(^D) Specify ASCII character for <RECEIVE>
Modes:      Baudot, ASCII, Morse, AMTOR

Parameters:
      'n' - 0 to 127 specifies an ASCII character code to be used as the
            <RECEIVE> character.

The <RECEIVE> character in your text causes the PK-232 to switch from
transmit to receive and to return to Command mode.

It would be used for example if you are preparing a text file for
transmission (eg using paKet's F5 key). You would include the <RECEIVE>
character at the end of your text file. It could also be typed on the
keyboard when you want to make the switch.
****************************************************************************
@REDispla 'n' 0-$7f     $12(^R) Specify ASCII character for <REDISPLAY>
Modes:      All

Parameters:
      'n' - 0 to 127 specifies an ASCII character code to be used as the
            <REDISPLAY> character.

The <REDISPLAY> character will re-display and allow editing of the current
input line.

You can also use this key to display a packet which has come in while you
were typing, before transmitting your own packet.

This feature is of limited value with paKet because of paKet's Type
Ahead buffer, which minimises the need for <REDISPLAY>
****************************************************************************
@RELink       ON|OFF    OFF     Attempt reconnect after timeout
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      ON  - Automatically attempt to reconnect with the other station
            after the link has timed out.
      OFF - No attempt is made to reestablish the timed out link.
****************************************************************************
@RESET        Immediate Cmd     Reset the TNC to default parameters.
Modes:      Command

Parameters:
      None


                     WARNING   WARNING    WARNING




RESET will re-initialise the PK-232 to its default ROM parameters.

You will lose all your personalised settings and monitor lists if you type
this command.

If you wish to reinitialise the PK-232, but retain your own parameters,
use RESTART.
****************************************************************************
@RESptime 'n' 0-250     5       Delay for sending an ACK (n*100ms).
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      'n' - 0 to 250 specifies the number of 100ms intervals for delay.

This command sets the minimum delay before an acknowledgement packet is
sent. This will be in addition to any delay set by DWAIT.

When file transfers are being done, occasionally a collision may occur
with an ACK frame. If RESPTIME is set to say 10 then this will be avoided
and an increase in the throughput will result.

For paKet, leave RESP at its default of 10.
****************************************************************************
@RESTART      Immediate Cmd     Reset the TNC with user parameters.
Modes:      Command

Parameters:
      None

RESTART is an immediate command to reset the PK-232 but retaining the user
supplied parameters stored in Battery-Backed RAM.

This has the same effect as switching the PK-232's power off then on.

If a complete reinitialisation is required then use RESET, but that will
require you to reenter all your parameters including your MYCALL, etc.
****************************************************************************
@REtry 'n'    0-15      10      Number of retries before disconnect.
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      'n' - 0 to 15 specifies the maximum number of packet retries before
            disconnecting.

Note, if RELINK is ON, the PK-232 will attempt to reconnect instead of
disconnecting.

RE 0 specifies an infinite number of retries.

The time between retries is determined by the FRACK parameter.
****************************************************************************
@RFec         ON|OFF    ON      Choose to display FEC signals in AMTOR
Modes:      AMTOR

Parameters:
      ON  - AMTOR Mode B (FEC) signals are displayed in Standby.
      OFF - AMTOR Mode B (FEC) signals are NOT displayed in Standby.
****************************************************************************
@RXRev        ON|OFF    OFF     Reverse received data polarity
Modes:      Baudot RTTY, ASCII RTTY, AMTOR

Parameters:
      ON  - The mark-space polarity is reversed for received data.
      OFF - Received data polarity unchanged.

This command could be used to receive data that the other station is
sending in reverse sense.

If you are receiving a good signals, but not copying the other station,
you could try reversing the polarity to see if that is the problem. An
easy way to do this is to type RXREV TOG (or RXR T) to simply toggle from
one state then back again.
****************************************************************************
@SELfec       'aaaa'    (empty) Make a SELCAL (FEC) to another station
Modes:      AMTOR FEC

Parameters:
      'aaaa' - specifies the other station's SELCAL code.

See the PK-232 Operating Manual for details on the derivation of the
SELCAL code.

To return to Receive mode, firstly return to Command mode with <CTRL-C>
then type R.
****************************************************************************
@SEndpac 'n'  0-$7f     $0D(CR) Character to force packet to be sent.
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      'n' - 0 to 127 specifies an ASCII character code to be used as the
            <SENDPAC> character.

The default character is <CR> which means a packet will be sent when you
press the <CR> key.

You might like to set this to some value you would not normally use if you
decide to set CPACTIME ON in order to send packets at regular intervals
rather than at the end of a line.

Please leave this set to the default value (<CR>).

However, if paKet's Word Wrap option is ON (which is the default, but
refer to the F4 key) it will generate a <CR> at the end of a full line to
save you having to watch for the end of a line. So, if you change this
SENDPAC character to something else, that Word Wrap feature will insert
the <CR> into the data but will not cause the packet to be sent at the end
of the line as expected.
****************************************************************************
@SLottime 'n' 0-250     10      Specify time interval for PERSIST CSMA
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      'n' - 0 to 250 specifies the time interval before the random number
            generation for PERSIST CSMA operation.

This parameter would normally not be used unless you have other stations
in your area using the PERSIST/SLOTTIME method.

Refer to the PK-232 Operating Manual for a full discussion on PERSIST and
SLOTTIME.
****************************************************************************
@SQuelch      ON|OFF    OFF     Select pos or neg squelch voltage
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      ON  - The PK-232 uses positive-going squelch voltage.
      OFF - The PK-232 uses negative-going squelch voltage.

This feature allows you to set up the PK-232/radio combination to operate
on a non-packet channel where the CSMA circuits could become confused when
sensing the mark and space tones from the radio.

The carrier-sensing signal could be active-high or active-low depending on
the radio you are using, so this command allows you to configure the
PK-232 to suit.
****************************************************************************
@SRXall       ON|OFF    OFF     Choose which SELFEC data to receive
Modes:      AMTOR

Parameters:
      ON  - Receive all SELFEC data.
      OFF - Receive only SELCAL-addressed SELFEC data.

This feature allows selectively coded inverse FEC signals to be received,
where they would not normally be available.
****************************************************************************
@STArt 'n'    0-$7F     $11(^Q) Character to restart data from PK-232.
Modes:      All

Parameters:
      'n' - 0 to 127 specifies an ASCII character code to be used as the
            <START> character.

<START> is the code to restart data flow from the PK-232 to paKet after a
<STOP> has been issued.

                       PLEASE DON'T CHANGE THIS

Although START might be set to 0 temporarily during binary file
transfers with Software handshaking, the paKet program expects <START> to
be <Ctrl/Q> and will not function correctly if you change it.
****************************************************************************
@STOp 'n'     0-$7F     $13(^S) Character to stop data from PK-232.
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      'n' - 0 to 127 specifies an ASCII character code to be used as the
            <STOP> character.

<STOP> is the code to stop data flow from the PK-232 to paKet.

                       PLEASE DON'T CHANGE THIS

Although STOP might be set to 0 temporarily during binary file
transfers with Software handshaking, the paKet program expects <STOP> to
be <Ctrl/S> and will not function correctly if you change it.
****************************************************************************
@TBaud 'n'    (baud)    1200    Specify baud rate between paKet and PK-232
Modes:      All

Parameters:
      'n' - Specifies the baud rate to be used by the PK-232 to
            communicate with the paKet program.

When you enter this command the baud rate is not changed immediately, but
will take effect next time you power up or type RESTART.

The paKet program may be configured to any of the common baud rates by
setting the appropriate parameter in PAKET.CFG file. So if you wish to
change baud rates, you need to change both the PK-232 (with this TBAUD
command), and the paKet program (with the PAKET.CFG file).
****************************************************************************
@TClear       Immediate Cmd     Clear the PK-232 transmit buffer
Modes:      Command

Parameters:
      None

In packet mode, the transmit buffer is cleared except possibly for a few
remaining packets.

In Baudot, ASCII, AMTOR, or Morse modes, this command clears the buffer
and cancels any further transmission.
****************************************************************************
@TDBaud 'n'   0-200     96      Specifies TDM signal data rate
Modes:      TDM

Parameters:
      'n' - Specified the data rate or signaling speed in baud of the TDM
            signal you are receiving.

Although you may specify values in the range 0 to 200, only the following
are valid: (an invalid specification results in TBAUD 96)

      1-channel:   48,   72,   96
      2-channel:   86,   96,  100
      4-channel:  171,  192,  200
****************************************************************************
@TDChan 'n'   0-3       0       Specify TDM channel number
Modes:      TDM

Parameters:
      'n' - 0 to 3 specifies the TDM channel number to select from the
            multiplexed TDM signal.

The effect depends on the type of TDM signal being received:

    1-channel:    no effect

    2-channel:    0 and 2 show Channel A
                  1 and 3 show Channel B

    3-channel:    0 shows Channel A
                  1 shows Channel B
                  2 shows Channel C
                  3 shows Channel D
****************************************************************************
@TDm          Immediate Cmd     Switch the PK-232 to TDM Mode
Modes:      Command

Parameters:
      none.

Time Division Multiplexing is a synchronous teleprinter mode using 7 bit
ITA #3 or Moore code, which is similar to AMTOR FEC but with different
coding. TDM is used in full duplex systems with ARQ error-correction,
where one, two or four data channels are multiplexed into one data stream.
Any channel might or might not contain data at any one time. TDM signals
are transmitted with any frequency shift at several different baud rates
(refer TDBAUD command).

Use the PK-232 SIGNAL command first to determine the bit rate and to
ensure it is really a TDM signal. (SIGNAL can detect one or two channel
transmissions):
               TDM 1:4 means 1-channel, 4-char repetition cycle
               TDM 2:8 means 2-channel, 8-char repetition cycle.
If TDM is detected, type OK to begin receiving. If you do not use SIGNAL
and use TDM directly, ensure you have the correct rate in TDBAUD.

Try listening on 19101.9 LSB,  18983.6 USB, or 14956.7 USB
****************************************************************************
@TIme 'n'     0-$7F     $14(^T) Character to embed <TIME> in output data
Modes:      All

Parameters:
      'n' - 0 to 127 specifies an ASCII character code to be used as the
            <TIME> character.

You can embed the <TIME> character into your text or file and when it is
transmitted, the PK-232 will replace it with the time from its internal
clock. If you have DAYSTAMP ON, it will also include the date.

You cannot include the <TIME> character in AAB, BTEXT or CTEXT messages.
****************************************************************************
@TRACe        ON|OFF    OFF     Set hexadecimal trace mode on.
Modes:      Packet, FAX

Parameters:
      ON  - Activate hexadecimal TRACE function
      OFF - Normal data display

This command allows for protocol debugging. It displays all header and
data in both hexadecimal and ASCII with a byte count and in shifted
ASCII in another column.
****************************************************************************
@Trans        Immediate Cmd     Switch the PK-232 to Transparent mode
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      None

An immediate command to put the TNC in transparent mode to allow
transmission of binary data in full 8 bit format.

Transparent mode is used by paKet for its Binary File transfers but you
do not need to concern yourself with this because paKet makes the switch
automatically, returning to Converse mode when the file transfer is
completed.
****************************************************************************
@TRFlow       ON|OFF    OFF     Use software flow control in Trans mode
Modes:      All

Parameters:
      ON  - Enables software flow control in transparent mode.
      OFF - Disables software flow control in transparent mode.

You should set this parameter OFF.

It is used for software handshaking when receiving a file in
Transparent mode. The paKet program will look after this for you
automatically.

See also TXFLOW, XFLOW, START, STOP.
****************************************************************************
@TRIes 'n'    0-15      0       Set or display retry counter.
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      'n' - 0 to 15 specifies the current RETRY level on the selected
            channel.

This command is useful for statistical analysis of path conditions
especially in noisy conditions.

Typing TRIES without an argument the PK-232 will return the number of
tries if an outstanding unacknowledged frame exists. If no such frame
exists, it returns the number of tries required for the previous ACK.

In plain English, this means that if you think that you are not getting
through, you can interrogate this number, and if it is approaching REtry,
you're about to lose the connection unless perhaps you hedge by resetting
RETRY bigger or zero, or forcing TRIES 0.
****************************************************************************
@TXdelay 'n'  0-120     30      Keying delay for transmitter (n*10ms).
Modes:      Packet, Baudot, ASCII

Parameters:
      'n' - 0 to 120 specifies the number of 10ms intervals to wait before
            commencing the transmission.

The PK-232 will wait for this time after keying the PTT line before
sending any data.

This is to allow time for relay switching and settling and in synthesised
rigs for the PLL to lock.
****************************************************************************
@TXFlow       ON|OFF    OFF     Disable TNC trans flow control.
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      ON  - Enables software flow control when in transparent mode.
      OFF - Disables software flow control when in transparent mode.

You should set this parameter OFF.

It is used for software handshaking when sending a file in
Transparent mode. The paKet program will look after this for you
automatically.

See also TRFLOW, XFLOW, XON, XOFF.
****************************************************************************
@TXRev        ON|OFF    OFF     Reverse transmit data polarity
Modes:      Baudot RTTY, ASCII RTTY, AMTOR

Parameters:
      ON  - The mark-space polarity is reversed for transmit data.
      OFF - Transmit data polarity unchanged.

This command could be used to transmit data in reverse sense to suit the
other station if it is operating in that sense.

It would be expected the other station could revert to normal sensing, but
this feature is provided to cater for all situations.
****************************************************************************
@Unproto      'call'    CQ      Address used when unconnected.
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      'call' - The call sign to be placed in the TO address field for any
               unconnected packets, such as Beacons.

The 'call' address may include up to 8 digipeaters as well. See the
CONNECT command for details on how to specify digipeaters.
****************************************************************************
@USers 'n'    0-10      1       Sets number of active connections allowed.
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      'n' - 0 to 10 specifies the maximum number of active simultaneous
            connections that you will accept.

       0  - Allow incoming connection on any free channel.
       1  - Allow incoming connection on channel 0 only
       2  - Allow incoming connection on channels 0 and 1 only.
      etc

This applies only to incoming connect requests - you may  still initiate
up to 10 connections regardless of the USERS value.

This parameter in your PK-232 should match the value specified in your
PAKET.CFG file.
****************************************************************************
@USOs         ON|OFF    OFF     Unshift on Space for RTTY
Modes:      Baudot RTTY

Parameters:
      ON  - Force LTRS case after a space character
      OFF - No change to the existing case.

Because the Baudot alphabet cannot handle upper and lower case, it uses a
special character (LTRS or FIGS) to shift the receiving machine into the
appropriate case before sending the data. However, in less than ideal
conditions some characters may be lost. While the loss of a data character
or two may be acceptable, the received data could become garbled if the
lost character is one of these special characters. For example, the sender
might be sending letters but the receiving machine is still in FIGS mode!

This option forces the PK-232 to shift back to LTRS mode after each space
character. It is assumed most of the data being received is LTRS
characters.
****************************************************************************
@Vhf          ON|OFF    ON      Set packet modem tones for HF or VHF
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      ON  - Set modem for VHF operation - tones are shifted 1000 Hz.
      OFF - Set modem for  HF operation - tones are shifted 200 Hz.

If operating on HF below 28Mhz, you should be using HBAUD 300.
****************************************************************************
@WHYnot       ON|OFF    OFF     Display reason why a packet not displayed
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      ON  - The PK-232 will generate a reason why a received packet was
            not sent to the paKet program.
      OFF - This function is disabled.

Not all received packets are displayed. The following messages indicate
some of the reasons if WHYNOT is ON:

PASSALL:         The packet had errors and PASSALL was OFF.
DCD Threshold:   The Threshold control too far CCW and DCD LED was off.
MONITOR:         MONITOR value set too low for this frame.
MCON:            MCON value set too low for this frame.
MPROTO:          MPROTO was OFF and frame was probably NET/ROM or TCP/IP.
MFROM/MTO:       The frame was blocked by either MFROM or MTO settings.
MBX:             The call sign does not match MBX setting.
MBX Sequence:    The packet frame out of sequence - probably a retry.
Frame too long:  Incoming frame > 330 bytes - probably not AX.25.
Frame too short: Incoming frame < 15 bytes. Seen if PASSALL ON.
RX overrun:      Another HDLC byte recd before previous one processed.
****************************************************************************
@WIdeshift    ON|OFF    OFF     Set RTTY shift tones
Modes:      Baudot RTTY, ASCII RTTY

Parameters:
      ON  - The PK-232's RTTY tones are shifted 1000 Hz.
      OFF - The PK-232's RTTY tones are shifted 200 Hz.

Most amateur RTTY operators use 170 Hz shift and the PK-232's 200 Hz shift
will accommodate this.

You should set WIDESHIFT on if you are monitoring commercial stations or
others using 850 Hz shift.
****************************************************************************
@WOrdout      ON|OFF    OFF     Send whole words or single characters
Modes:      Baudot RTTY, ASCII RTTY, AMTOR, Morse

Parameters:
      ON  - Send whole words only
      OFF - Send each character as it is typed.

This feature is available on all modes except Packet.

It does give you come chance of correcting a typing mistake before it is
transmitted, however the PK-232 will send the word when it receives a
space, a <CR>, a <LF>, <CTRL-E>, <RECEIVE>, <CWID> or any punctuation mark.

Perhaps a better way to achieve the ability to correct your typing would
be to use paKet's Type Ahead buffer, where the data is not sent until you
press <CR>.
****************************************************************************
@WRu          ON|OFF    OFF     Activate the AAB answerback message
Modes:      Baudot RTTY, ASCII RTTY, AMTOR (ARQ mode)

Parameters:
      ON  - Your AAB message is sent after the other station's WRU?
      OFF - Your AAB message is not sent.

In AMTOR mode this "option" is always ON and your answerback messages will
automatically include the +? changeover command.

See the AAB command for further details.
****************************************************************************
@XFlow        ON|OFF    ON      Hardware or software flow control
Modes:      All

Parameters:
      ON  - Software flow control is enabled.
      OFF - Hardware flow control is enabled.

If you have a full RS-232 cable that permits control of your serial
port via the CTS and RTS lines, then set XFLOW OFF and indicate "HW"
flow control in PAKET.CFG.

If you don't have a full cable (some "RS-232" cables have only 3 pins
connected), you can still use the system by specifying software
handshaking. Set "SW" flow control in PAKET.CFG and set XFLOW ON.

Hardware flow control is the preferred method if you have a choice.

See also TRFLOW, TXFLOW, START, STOP, XON, XOFF.
****************************************************************************
@Xmit         Immediate Cmd     Switch on the radio's PTT line
Modes:      Command (for Baudot RTTY, ASCII RTTY, Morse)

Parameters:
      None

This command will activate the radio's PTT line in preparation for data
transmission.

You must be in Command mode to enter this command, but it will
automatically change to Converse or Transparent mode, depending on
the PK-232's CONMODE setting.
****************************************************************************
@XMITOk       ON|OFF    ON      Allow transmitter to be keyed.
Modes:      Packet

Parameters:
      ON  - The transmitter's PTT line may be switched on.
      OFF - The transmitter's PTT line cannot be activated.

This feature may be most useful for testing as all other functions work
normally, including sending and receiving of data. The only difference is
that when data is sent to the radio, it is not actually transmitted
because the PTT line is not switched on.

It is also useful if you want to leave the system running while you are
absent, but do not want any unattended transmissions.
****************************************************************************
@XOff 'n'     0-$7F     $13(^S) Character to stop data flow to the PK-232
Modes:      All

Parameters:
      'n' - 0 to 127 specifies an ASCII character code to be used as the
            <XOFF> character.

<XOFF> is the ASCII character to stop data flow from paKet to the PK-232.

                       PLEASE DON'T CHANGE THIS

Although XOFF might be set to 0 temporarily during binary file
transfers with Software handshaking, the paKet program expects <XOFF> to
be <Ctrl/S> and will not function correctly if you change it.
****************************************************************************
@XON 'n'      0-$7F     $11(^Q) Character to start data flow to the PK-232
Modes:      All

Parameters:
      'n' - 0 to 127 specifies an ASCII character code to be used as the
            <XON> character.

<XON> is the ASCII character to restart data flow from paKet to the PK-232
after an <XOFF>.

                       PLEASE DON'T CHANGE THIS

Although XON might be set to 0 temporarily during binary file
transfers with Software handshaking, the paKet program expects XON to
be <Ctrl/Q> and will not function correctly if you change it.
****************************************************************************
